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1.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 18: 64477, 2023. ^etab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437597

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Biscoitos são produtos de panificação feitos com farinha, gordura, açúcar e outros ingredientes, e podem ser alimentos processados ou ultraprocessados. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade nutricional de biscoitos comercializados em supermercados brasileiros. Materiais e Métodos: Após a autorização dos responsáveis, dois supermercados participaram do estudo. Foram coletados os dados de informação nutricional e a lista de ingredientes dos biscoitos a partir dos rótulos dos produtos, através de fotos e anotações. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente através de estatística descritiva e análise de variância (ANOVA) com nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultado: No total, foram incluídos 412 biscoitos diferentes, dos quais 73,5% eram doces e 26,5%, salgados. A média de ingredientes por produto foi de 14,80, e 84,7% dos biscoitos eram produzidos com 11 ou mais ingredientes; o número máximo de ingredientes encontrado foi de 29. A gordura vegetal foi encontrada em 79,6% dos produtos. Os biscoitos doces tiveram valores mais elevados de açúcares p<0,0001), gordura total (p=0,002) e gordura saturada (p<0,0001), e os biscoitos salgados tiveram valores mais altos de proteínas (p<0,0001), e sódio (p<0,0001). Quando comparados com biscoitos processados, os biscoitos ultraprocessados tiveram níveis mais elevados de carboidratos (p=0,001), açúcares (p<0,0001), gordura total (p<0,0001) e gordura saturada (p<0,0001). Conclusão: No presente estudo, biscoitos processados e salgados tiveram melhor qualidade nutricional que os biscoitos doces e ultraprocessados, e são considerados melhores opções para os consumidores em supermercados.


Introduction: Biscuits are small bakery products made with wheat flour, fat, sugar and other ingredients, and they can be processed or ultraprocessed food. This paper aimed to evaluate the nutritional quality of biscuits sold in Brazilian supermarkets. Materials and methods: After authorization from the managers, two supermarkets participated in the study. The data collected from labels was the nutritional information and the list of ingredients of cookoies, through photos and notes. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a significant level of p<0,05. Results: A total of 412 different products were included, which 73,5% are sweet and 26,5% are salty biscuits. About processing, 98,05% are ultraprocessed and only 1,95% processed. The average of ingredients was 14,80 and 84,7% of biscuits were produced with 11 or more ingredients; the maxim number of ingredients was 29. Vegetal fat was found in 79,6% of products. Sweet biscuits have higher values of sugar (p<0,0001), total fat (p=0,002) and saturated fat (p<0,0001), and salty biscuits were higher in proteins (p<0,0001) and sodium (p<0,0001). When compared with processed biscuits, the ultraprocessed ones were higher in carbohydrates (p=0,001), sugar (p<0,0001), total fat (p<0,0001) and saturated fat (p<0,0001). Conclusion: In this study, processed and salty biscuits had better nutritional quality than sweet and ultraprocessed ones, and are considered better choice options for consumers in supermarkets.


Subject(s)
Nutritional Facts , Cookies , Food Labeling , Supermarkets , Brazil
2.
Braz. j. biol ; 82: e245368, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1278522

ABSTRACT

Foliar vegetables contaminated with fecal residues are an important route of transmission of intestinal parasites to humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of parasitic forms of protozoa and helminths on lettuces (Lactuca sativa) and collard greens (Brassica oleracea) sold in street- and supermarkets in the city of Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. A total of 30 samples of each vegetable (15 samples from each supermarkets and street markets) was analyzed. All samples were processed by spontaneous sedimentation method and centrifugal flotation. In 45% of the samples, immature forms of intestinal parasites were identified with 66.7% helminths eggs and 33.3% protozoan cysts or oocysts. Significantly more lettuce samples were contaminated with eggs, cysts or oocyst of at least one parasite than collard green samples (U=216; Z=-3.45; P <0.001). The parasitic forms were identified morphologically up to the family level with eggs of Ancylostomatidae, Strongyloididae, Ascarididae and Taeniidae, or oocysts of Eimeriidae, to the genus with Cystoisospora sp. and Toxocara sp., and to the species level with Cystoisospora canis, Dipylidium caninum and Hymenolepis nana. The presence of these infective agents in lettuce and collard green from both street- and supermarkets highlights the high risk of spreading parasites by eating raw vegetables sold in Aparecida de Goiânia.


Hortaliças contaminadas com resíduos fecais são importantes vias de transmissão de parasitas intestinais ao homem. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a presença de formas parasitárias de protozoários e helmintos em alface (Lactuca sativa) e couve (Brassica oleracea) vendidas em feiras e supermercados na cidade de Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. Um total de 30 amostras de cada vegetal (15 amostras de supermercados e 15 de feiras livres) foi analisado. Todas as amostras foram processadas pelos métodos de sedimentação espontânea e centrífugo-flutuação. Em 45% das amostras foram identificadas formas imaturas de parasitas intestinais sendo 66,7% ovos de helmintos e 33,3% de cistos ou oocistos de protozoários. Significativamente, mais amostras de alface estavam contaminadas com ovos, cistos ou oocistos de pelo menos um parasita do que as amostras de couve (U = 216; Z = -3,45; P <0,001). As formas parasitárias foram identificadas morfologicamente ao nível de família com ovos de Ancylostomatidae, Strongyloididae, Ascarididae e Taeniidae ou oocistos de Eimeriidae, dos gêneros Cystoisospora sp. e Toxocara sp., e ao nível de espécies com Cystoisospora canis, Dipylidium caninum e Hymenolepis nana. A presença desses agentes infecciosos em alface e couve, provenientes tanto de feiras quanto de supermercados, ressalta o alto risco de veiculação de parasitas pela ingestão de hortaliças cruas comercializadas em Aparecida de Goiânia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Vegetables , Helminths , Brazil , Cities , Supermarkets
3.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 35: e210249, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394675

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective This study characterized the degree of processing of the food items available at home and the routine of shopping for food in families with children and/or teenagers and whose meals are usually prepared at home. Methods Mixed methods (interview, questionnaires, and food inventory). Interview's transcripts were submitted to thematic analysis and the foods identified in the inventory were classified according to the degree of processing and analyzed for their availability and access in the home food environment. Results Results revealed the high availability of ultra-processed foods; that the supermarket was the main source of food acquisition; and that purchasing food is part of an organized routine where time and control of expenses are the most valued aspects. Conclusion Actions which focus on planning and executing the acquisition of unprocessed and minimally processed foods are needed to promote greater availability and increased intake of such foods, so that the composition of homemade meals may be in line with what is recommended by the national dietary guidelines.


RESUMO Objetivo O presente estudo caracterizou o grau de processamento dos alimentos disponíveis e a rotina de compra de alimentos de famílias com crianças e/ou adolescentes e que costumam preparar refeições em casa. Métodos Métodos mistos (entrevista, questionário e inventário de alimentos). As transcrições das entrevistas foram submetidas à análise temática e os alimentos identificados no inventário foram classificados segundo o grau de processamento e analisados quanto à disponibilidade e acessibilidade no ambiente alimentar domiciliar. Resultados Os resultados revelaram que a disponibilidade de alimentos ultraprocessados foi alta; que o supermercado foi o principal local de aquisição de alimentos e que a compra de alimentos faz parte de uma rotina previamente organizada em que o tempo e o controle de gastos são os aspectos mais valorizados. Conclusão Ações focadas no planejamento e execução da compra de alimentos in natura e minimamente processados são necessárias para promover maior disponibilidade domiciliar e, consequentemente, o consumo de alimentos in natura e minimamente processados, aproximando as refeições realizadas em casa do que é preconizado pelo Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Residence Characteristics , Food Preferences/ethnology , /methods , Consumer Behavior , Qualitative Research , Supermarkets , Minimally Processed Foods
4.
Rev. patol. trop ; 51(3): 1-10, 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1418011

ABSTRACT

Parasitosis are the most common diseases in the world, they are responsible for relevant negative consequences in the individuals´ health. The consumption of vegetables in Brazil and in the world is common due to their high nutritional value and they are recommended to be included in the population´s diet. Contaminations in vegetables are most often caused by irrigation water which is contaminated by feces, other forms of contamination are through organic manure containing fecal waste and the contact of vegetables with animals where they are grown. This research evaluated the contamination in vegetables with the purpose of warning the community about hygiene and the correct approach of food handling in order to prevent parasitic infections, contributing to people´s health. Samples were collected from supermarkets and farmers´ markets, where we obtained a total of 30 samples that were analyzed using Hoffman, centrifugation and slide reading´s techniques. In all samples, parasites were found. In six samples non-pathogenic amoebas were found, however this finding means that there was contamination from human or animal feces. And, in the other 24 samples, parasitic structures that cause damage to health were found. This work showed a high level of contamination of the vegetables that are consumed daily by the population and the diseases caused by food which are a concern for the public health. Contaminated vegetables are dangerous considering the transport of parasites that may generate human infections, therefore the importance to create public policies in order to avoid parasitic infections.


Subject(s)
Parasitic Diseases , Parasitology , Vegetables , Food Contamination , Neglected Diseases , Food , Food Handling , Supermarkets
5.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 35: e210060, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387498

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective Characterize the community food environment through the different types of food outlets in the city of Fortaleza and associate their distribution according to sociodemographic indicators. Methods This is an ecological study carried out in the city of Fortaleza in which data from the Health Surveillance Service were used with the location of all licensed food stores in the city in the years 2018 and 2019. Georeferenced maps were set up to illustrate the spatial distribution of the establishments. Correlation analyses were performed to verify the association between food outlets and socioeconomic data. Values of p≤0.005 were considered significant. Results We identified a greater concentration of food stores in the neighborhoods with better socioeconomic levels. Snack bars (n=2051; 27.7%) and restaurants (n=1945; 26.3%), were in greater quantity and exhibited a positive correlation with the Human Development Index and average income. Supermarkets and hypermarkets (n=288; 3.9%) and street markets (n=81; 1.1%) were in a smaller number and had the worst spatial distribution. Conclusion We observed socioeconomic inequalities in the distribution of different types of food outlets. The little diversity and the limited number of establishments in peripheral neighborhoods, besides the centralization of outlets that sell food that is harmful to health, constitute obstacles for the population to make healthy food choices.


RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o ambiente alimentar comunitário por meio dos diferentes tipos de estabelecimentos de venda de alimentos existentes na cidade de Fortaleza e relacionar sua distribuição de acordo com indicadores sociodemográficos. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo ecológico realizado na cidade de Fortaleza em que foram utilizados dados da Vigilância Sanitária com a localização de todos os comércios de alimentos licenciados para funcionamento no município nos anos de 2018 e 2019. Foram construídos mapas georreferenciados para ilustrar a distribuição espacial dos estabelecimentos. Análises de correlação foram realizadas para verificar associação entre os estabelecimentos de venda de alimentos e dados socioeconômicos. Consideraram-se significativos valores de p≤0,005. Resultados Foi possível identificar maior concentração de comércios de alimentos nos bairros com melhores níveis socioeconômicos. Lanchonetes (n=2051; 27,7%) e restaurantes (n=1945; 26,3%) apresentaram-se em maior quantidade e obtiveram correlação positiva com o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e a renda média. Supermercados e hipermercados (n = 288; 3,9%) e feiras livres (n=81; 1,1%) existiam em menor proporção e apresentaram a pior distribuição espacial. Conclusão Desigualdades socioeconômicas foram observadas na distribuição dos diferentes tipos de pontos de venda de alimentos. A pouca diversidade e a limitada quantidade de estabelecimentos em bairros periféricos, além da centralização da oferta de comércios que vendem alimentos prejudiciais à saúde, constituem-se obstáculos para que a população faça escolhas alimentares saudáveis.


Subject(s)
Socioeconomic Factors , Food Supply , Restaurants/statistics & numerical data , Fast Foods , Supermarkets , Access to Healthy Foods
6.
Cad. psicol. soc. trab ; 24(2): 235-248, jul.-dez. 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1356013

ABSTRACT

Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo com base na Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e que analisa o trabalho das operadoras de caixa de supermercado, investigando sua organização e a dinâmica prazer-sofrimento psíquico envolvida. Foram entrevistadas individualmente quinze mulheres, de quatro diferentes supermercados da cidade de Belém-PA, usando roteiro semiestruturado. O material foi examinado conforme a técnica de Análise de Núcleos de Sentido (ANS). Verificou-se uma rígida organização do trabalho das operadoras de caixa de supermercado, contendo poucas possibilidades de transformação do sofrimento em vivências de prazer. Há pouco espaço para as operadoras expressarem as dificuldades do trabalho, tais como: insatisfação com as chefias, falta de reconhecimento no trabalho, assédio sexual, constrangimentos praticados pela clientela e precariedade nas condições de trabalho. A submissão, a crença religiosa e o riso aparecem como estratégias coletivas de defesa para suportar as adversidades do cotidiano laboral.


This is a qualitative study based on Psychodynamic of Work which analyzes the work of supermarket cashiers, investigating its organization and the psychic pleasure-suffering dynamic involved. Fifteen women from four different supermarkets in the city of Belém-PA were interviewed individually, using a semi-structured script. The material was examined according to the Meaning Cores Analysis (MCA) technique. There was a rigid organization of the work of supermarket cashiers, with few possibilities to transform suffering into experiences of pleasure. There is little space for operators to express work difficulties, such as, for example: dissatisfaction with managers, lack of recognition at work, sexual harassment, constraints practiced by the customers and precarious working conditions. Submission, religious belief and laughter appear as collective defense strategies to withstand the adversities of daily routine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Women, Working/psychology , Psychological Distress , Supermarkets , Interviews as Topic , Qualitative Research , Pleasure , Job Satisfaction
7.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 34: e210006, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351573

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the availability and price of fresh and ultra-processed foods in supermarkets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in a mid-size city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Methods Ecological and longitudinal study. A proportionate stratified random sampling method was applied to supermarkets in the municipality. To assess the availability, variety, and price of fresh and ultra-processed foods, we applied the Estudo do Ambiente Obesogênico em São Paulo (ESAO, Obesogenic Environment Study in São Paulo, Brazil) Food Store Observation Tool questionnaire and calculated the Healthy Food Store Index. The audits took place from December 2019 to January 2020, and we returned to the establishments in September 2020. Descriptive analyzes, McNemar tests, paired Student's T or Wilcoxon tests were performed using the SPSS software, version 20.0, with a 5% significance level. Results Ten supermarkets were evaluated. The prices of oranges (p=0.012), bananas (p=0.043), apples (p=0.004), and onions (p=0.004) were significantly increased during the time frame. Sugar-free soft drinks (p=0.044), powdered drinks (p=0.032), and corn snacks (p=0.015) showed a greater variety of brands and flavors during the pandemic. The Healthy Food Store Index score was 9.50±0.85 before the pandemic and 9.00±1.15 during it. Conclusion The prices of some fruits and vegetables increased, and supermarkets sold a greater variety of ultra-processed foods. Such findings highlight the importance of assessing the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on the food environment.


RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a disponibilidade e preço de alimentos in natura e ultraprocessados em supermercados no período anterior e durante a pandemia de Covid-19 em uma cidade de médio porte de Minas Gerais. Métodos Estudo ecológico e longitudinal. Realizou-se amostragem aleatória estratificada proporcional dos supermercados do município. Foi aplicado o questionário ESAO Food Store Observation Tool, o qual avalia a disponibilidade, variedade e preço de alimentos in natura e ultraprocessados, e calculou-se o índice Healthy Food Store Index. As auditorias ocorreram nos meses de dezembro de 2019 e janeiro de 2020 e retornou-se aos estabelecimentos em setembro de 2020. Foram realizados análises descritivas, testes de McNemar, T de Student pareado ou Wilcoxon utilizando-se o software SPSS, versão 20.0, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Foram avaliados dez supermercados. Os preços da laranja (p=0,012), banana (p=0,043), maçã (p=0,004) e cebola (p=0,004) apresentaram aumento significativo, e uma variedade maior de marcas e sabores de refrigerantes sem açúcar (p=0,044), refresco em pó (p=0,032) e salgadinhos de milho (p=0,015) foram encontradas durante a pandemia. A pontuação do índice Healthy Food Store Index antes da pandemia foi de 9,50 ± 0,85 e durante a pandemia foi de 9,00 ± 1,15. Conclusão Foram verificados aumentos nos preços de frutas e legumes e uma maior variedade de alimentos ultraprocessados disponíveis na auditoria feita durante a pandemia. Esses achados contribuem para salientar a importância da avaliação das consequências da pandemia de covid-19 no ambiente alimentar.


Subject(s)
Food/statistics & numerical data , Food Supply/statistics & numerical data , Supermarkets , COVID-19
8.
Poblac. salud mesoam ; 18(1)dic. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386902

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: La obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública en Costa Rica y su prevalencia ha mostrado un rápido crecimiento. El ambiente alimentario y de actividad física juega un rol crucial en el estilo de vida de los niños en edad escolar y sus familias. Este artículo trata de entender la relación entre la distribución espacial de los lugares de adquisición y venta de alimentos y la prevalencia de obesidad infantil en dos escuelas del cantón La Unión. Materiales y métodos: Se mapeó la ubicación de los lugares de venta de alimentos en los 8 distritos y si contaban con patentes, además, se evaluaron las distancias recorridas por escolares de los distritos de San Juan y Concepción para relacionarlas con el estado nutricional de 297 participantes. Resultados: Se identificaron 338 puntos de adquisición de los alimentos localizados principalmente en el distrito Tres Ríos en distancias muy cortas de los centros educativos. Del total de puntos, el 84.65 % no tiene patentes y estos están principalmente en Río Azul. Para los escolares del distrito de Concepción las distancias recorridas hacia la escuela disminuyen de forma significativa conforme aumenta el sobrepeso en los escolares. Conclusiones: Existe un crecimiento importante de los lugares de venta y distribución de alimentos que se encuentran a distancias no mayores a los 250 metros de los centros educativos, lo cual aumenta la probabilidad de acceder a los alimentos que allí se expenden. Conforme aumenta el exceso de peso en los escolares, estos reportan menores distancias recorridas hacia la escuela, lo cual agrega un riesgo mayor en esta población asociado a la reducida actividad física.


Abstract: Introduction: Childhood obesity is a public health problem in Costa Rica and its prevalence has shown rapid growth. The food and physical activity environment plays a crucial role in the lifestyle of school-age children and their families. This article tries to understand how the spatial distribution of places of purchase and sale of food can influence the prevalence of childhood obesity in two schools in the canton of La Unión. Materials and methods: A mapping of the location of food sales places in the 8 districts, the presence of patents in them and the distances traveled by schoolchildren from the districts of San Juan and Concepción and their relationship with the nutritional status of 297 school children. Results: 338 food acquisition points located mainly in the Tres Ríos district were identified in very short distances from the educational centers. For the students of Concepción District, the distances traveled to school decrease significantly as the overweight in schoolchildren increases. Conclusions: There is a significant growth in the places of sale and distribution of food that are located at distances no greater than 250 meters from educational centers, which increases the probability of accessing the food that is sold there. As excess weight increases in schoolchildren, they report shorter distances traveled to school, which adds a greater risk in this population which adds a greater risk in this population associated with reduced physical activity


Subject(s)
Humans , Spatial Analysis , Pediatric Obesity , Supermarkets , Schools , Costa Rica
9.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 29(4): e015820, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138147

ABSTRACT

Abstract The consumption of vegetables has increased in recent years due to the search for a healthier diet that is rich in fiber and has fewer calories. To assess the parasitic contamination of lettuce sold in markets, a survey of parasites was carried out from a supermarket chain in the city of Londrina, Paraná. A total of thirty samples of lettuce were purchased in the ten markets visited, three in each, of which ten were conventionally cultivated, ten were hydroponically cultivated, and ten were organically cultivated. All samples were analyzed using the sedimentation methods of Hoffman, Pons and Janer and the fluctuation method of Faust and colleagues and Willis with adaptations. In addition, the samples were subjected to DNA extraction by a commercial kit and polymerase chain reaction to detect Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp., which are protozoa that cause food and waterborne parasitic outbreaks. All samples were negative for sedimentation and flotation techniques. One of the hydroponically cultivated samples was positive for T. gondii. The results demonstrate the risk of curly lettuce contamination from hydroponic cultivation and the need for proper cleaning of these foods before consumption.


Resumo O consumo de vegetais aumentou nos últimos anos devido à busca de uma dieta mais saudável, rica em fibras e com menos calorias. Para avaliar a contaminação parasitária de alface vendida nos mercados, foi realizado um levantamento de parasitas em vegetais folhosos de uma cadeia de supermercados da cidade de Londrina, Paraná. Um total de 30 amostras foram compradas nos dez mercados visitados, três em cada, dos quais dez foram convencionalmente cultivados, dez cultivados hidroponicamente e dez foram cultivados organicamente. Todas as amostras foram analisadas, usando-se os métodos de sedimentação de Hoffman, Pons e Janer e o método de flutuação de Faust e colaboradores e Willis com adaptações. Além disso, as amostras foram submetidas à extração de DNA por um kit comercial e reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para detectar Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium spp. e Giardia spp., que são protozoários causadores de surtos transmitidos pela água e alimentos. Todas as amostras foram negativas para técnicas de sedimentação e flutuação. Uma das amostras cultivadas hidroponicamente foi positiva para T. gondii. Os resultados demonstram o risco de contaminação por alface crespa do cultivo hidropônico e a necessidade de limpeza adequada desses alimentos antes do consumo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Lettuce/parasitology , Hydroponics , Cryptosporidiosis/transmission , Cryptosporidium/genetics , Cities , Supermarkets
10.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 61(spe): e18000029, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974134

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This study shows, through several analyses, ways to reduce costs with electric power in supermarkets. For this purpose, one of those establishments was visited and several data were collected for subsequent analysis. The results have shown that the combinations of several actions of energy efficiency can be applied when the objective is the reduction of costs with electric power.


Subject(s)
Electricity , Energy Consumption/economics , Supermarkets , Electric Wiring/economics
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